International Journal of Osteopathic Medicine, 2006/03, 9(1):35. doi: 10.1016/j.ijosm.2006.01.013, type of study: ,ppt,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Full text    (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1746068906000150)

Keywords:

cerebrospinal fluid [27]
cranio-sacral osteopathy [231]
pretest posttest design [241]
primary respiratory mechanism [39]

Abstract:

Introduction The driving force of the Primary Respiratory Mechanism (PRM) is the fluctuation of the Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) and the cerebrospinal vascular circulation.1, 2, 3, 4 Dynamic components are appreciated by osteopaths on palpation without reproducibility or research result concordance.5 The aim of this study is to evidence, by using the equipment-based methods devised by Prof. Moskalenko, any PRM changes induced by osteopathic treatments. The study examines whether the momentary corrections of a given vertebral segment, previously diagnosed as the most important dysfunction at the spinal level (primary dysfunction), improve the rhythm, amplitude, and force of the cranial PRM. Design Pre–post randomised controlled double-blind clinical trial including placebos. Methods Participants: Eighteen male and female subjects aged between 18 and 100 divided into two even groups. Intervention: Step 1: objective osteopathic examination; Step 2: transcranial dopplerography (TCDG) and rheoencephalography (REG) at rest and with the application of functional tests (Transitional Respiratory Arrest and Stoockey Maneuver); Step 3: Group 1 received a vertebral manual input specific for the primary dysfunction while Group 2 received a specific vertebral manual input in a non-dysfunctional area; Step 4: step 2 repeated. Outcome Measures: Pre–post technique equipment-based evaluation using TCDG and REG with data analysed through spectral, pattern and phase analysis. Results PRM amplitude and rhythm showed an increase in Group 1: calculated from cerebrospinal flow and meningeal vasal tone parameters and cerebrospinal fluid displacement from the spine to the skull. Values showed greater changes in Group 1, while for Group 2 the changes were minor, absent or worsened. Conclusions The findings demonstrate cerebral flow and the change in brain vessel tone vary sufficiently after applying a vertebral manual input in the areas of maximum spinal restriction (Group 1). With regard to the vascular flow, an interesting fact is that there is no significant change in cerebral blood flow of the middle cerebral artery in both groups, however, a significant increase in blood flow was detected for both vertebral arteries only in Group 1 after the vertebral input. All changes, in particular the parameters concerning vascular and cerebrospinal fluid flows, could account for the marked increase in only one PRM parameter: amplitude.