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A Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Suboccipital Release on Heart Rate Variability

Journal: The AAO Journal Date: 2024/06, 34(2):Pages: 30-31. doi: Subito , type of study: pretest posttest design

Full text    (https://meridian.allenpress.com/aaoj/article/34/2/16/500954/LBORC-NUFA-Poster-Abstracts-2024-Students)

Keywords:

autonomic nervous system [148]
heart rate variability [65]
pretest posttest design [225]
suboccipital release [6]

Abstract:

Introduction/Background: Heart rate variability (HRV) describes variations in heart rate from beat-to-beat. Previous studies have described it’s correlation with health outcomes related to vagal tone and the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) has demonstrated benefits for ANS function. Low HRV is associated with negative outcomes (stress, disease, etc.); elevated HRV is associated with improved health (increased parasympathetics, reduced mortality). Objective: To characterize ANS effects of suboccipital release (SR), an OMT technique, chosen for its association with the vagus nerve using HRV metrics. Methods: Single group within-subject design with 5-minutes of pre and post OMT measurement is advised in published literature. HRV data on medical school faculty, staff, and students was collected and analyzed using Firstbeat Bodyguard 3 electrocardiogram devices and Kubios HRV software in private clinical examination suites. SR treatment for evaluated somatic dysfunction was performed for 2 minutes by trained OMS II students supervised by osteopathic physicians board certified in neuromuscular manipulative medicine. HRV variables related to vagal tone include root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD), percentage of successive normal sinus RR intervals more than 50 ms (pNN50), high frequency (HF), Parasympathetic Index (PNSI), and Sympathetic Index (SNSI). These variables were chosen based on published recommendations. Repeated measures t-test was used to assess mean HRV variations post-OMT. Outliers were removed using α=0.05. Results: SR showed significant (p<0.01) increase in vagal tone related HRV variables compared to baseline. Conclusions: SR may increase vagal tone, but more research is needed to characterize clinical impact. Future opportunities involve addressing limitations including what the optimal treatment duration time is to evoke the largest effect. Comparison to other HRV studies is also warranted.


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