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Efficacy of Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment on Pulmonary Function in Healthy Adult Male Subjects

Journal: The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association Date: 2014/01, 114(1):Pages: e16. doi: Subito , type of study: randomized controlled trial

Full text    (https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.7556/jom_2014_01.0001/html)

Keywords:

OMT [3752]
osteopathic manipulative treatment [3772]
pulmonary function [18]
randomized controlled trial [889]

Abstract:

Introduction: Prior studies investigating the effects of osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) on pulmonary function have been equivocal. Our long-term goal is to design a tightly controlled experimental protocol by which basic science and clinical research can be combined to examine the efficacy of OMT on pulmonary function. This protocol was initiated in the present study which examined the efficacy of OMT on pulmonary function in healthy adult males, both acutely and at 24 hours. Hypothesis: The treatment of somatic dysfunction with OMT will increase chest compliance, increase lung volumes, and improve pulmonary function. Methods: Midwestern University Institutional Review Board approval was obtained (#2327). A tightly controlled healthy adult male population was recruited and randomly divided into a control group (n=10) or OMT group (n=15). Pulmonary function (lung volumes, forced vital capacity [FVC], forced expiratory volume in 1 second [FEV1], breath-holding time, and chest excursion) was measured in both groups at 3 time points. Following baseline measures and structural diagnosis, OMT directed at somatic dysfunction of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine, abdominal wall, diaphragm, ribs, and sacrum was performed (K.P.H.). The control group read quietly for ~20 minutes. After OMT or quiet reading, pulmonary function was reassessed within 10 minutes (acute) and remeasured at 24 hours. Results: There were no statistical differences between the control and OMT groups at baseline. Additionally, there were no changes in pulmonary function in the control group at 24 hours. In the OMT group, upper thoracic excursion increased from 5.5 to 6.1 cm (P=.07); vital capacity increased from 5.26 to 5.40 L (P=.06); FVC increased from 5.00 to 5.14 L (P=.03); and breath-holding time increased from 83.8 to 93.5 seconds (P=.004) after 24 hours. Because of the increase in FVC, and lack of change in airway resistance, pulmonary function measured by the FEV1/FVC ratio decreased from 79.8 to 77.5% (P=.05). Conclusion: Our preliminary data suggest that OMT increases upper thoracic excursion and lung volumes in healthy adult males at 24 hours post-OMT. While the FEV1/FVC ratio decreased, it was due to the increase in FVC. These data suggest OMT of somatic dysfunction in healthy subjects can increase thoracic compliance. Further studies will determine whether OMT can improve pulmonary function and quality of life in patients with pulmonary disease.


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